Training is done to develop
manual skills and expertise
in specific techniques

Training is done to develop manual skills and expertise in specific techniques (e.g. animal handling or surgical skills). Animals can be used in the training of civilian and military medical personnel, veterinarians, technicians and students.

Before any animal is used for training, efforts should be made to find a replacement alternative. If no pedagogically sound replacement is available, then effort should be made to reduce the number of animals used and refine any techniques.

Painful experiments or multiple invasive procedures on an individual animal, conducted solely for training cannot be justified.