Applying the Three Rs to research programs and individual experiments can present challenges to investigators using animals in research. However, many resources to support the implementation of Three Rs alternatives are available, including information about:

• replacement alternatives to using animals
• ways to reduce the number of animals used
• how to refine experiments to minimize animal pain and distress

Funding Three Rs-related research also presents a challenge, however some Three Rs funding opportunities for Canadian investigators are available.

Three Rs Strategies Specific to Certain Research Types

Some types of research require unique Three Rs strategies. This includes animal-based agricultural research, wildlife research, and research involving the creation and/or use of genetically engineered animals.

Agricultural
Research
Wildlife
Research
Genetically engineered animals

Useful Tools for Researchers

Three Rs information searches can be facilitated using:

• the Three Rs Search Guide, a 7-step strategy plus links to resources
• access to statistical consultations provided by many Canadian universities
• systematic reviews of previously published research

Three Rs Search Guide
Statistical Consultations
Systematic Reviews